Why does my dog follow me everywhere?

If you can't go to the kitchen, the bathroom or the front door without a four-legged shadow, you're not alone. In most cases following is a normal part of living with a dog. It is still worth understanding why your dog does it, because now and then it can point to worry or a health problem.

Why does my dog follow me everywhere?

Dogs are social animals, and it is normal for them to want to be near the people they live with. Researchers have found that adult dogs show attachment behaviour towards their owners, with some parallels to the way young children respond to a parent. Dogs Trust lists several everyday reasons a dog may follow you.

They feel safe with you

Following is often a sign that your dog feels confident and secure when you're close by.

It gets them something they want

If following you usually leads to attention, a fuss, food or a walk, your dog learns that it is worth doing. Over time it can become a habit.

You're carrying something interesting

Food, a lead, a toy or a bag can be enough to bring your dog trotting after you.

They're asking for something

Your dog may be trying to tell you they want food, water or to go outside to the toilet.

They don't have anything else to do

A dog with no better option will often choose to stay with you. More exercise, play and enrichment can make a difference.

Something has changed

A new routine, a house move or arriving in a new home can make a dog less sure where to settle. Rescue dogs and older dogs who have just been rehomed may follow you more while they adjust.

Is it a sign of separation anxiety?

Not always. Dogs Trust points out that many dogs who follow their owners around the house cope perfectly well on their own. But following can be one sign that a dog is worried about being left. The key is what happens when you go out.

Signs that your dog may be struggling when alone include:

• barking, whining or howling after you leave
• damage to doors, door frames or furniture
• going to the toilet indoors
• pacing, panting, drooling or trembling
• staying by the door or window you left through
• ignoring food or chews left for them
• placing themselves between you and the door, or getting agitated as you get ready to leave

A camera or phone set to record while you are out is the easiest way to find out what your dog does. If you see signs of distress, avoid leaving your dog alone for longer than they can cope with while you get help. Ask your vet to check your dog first, then for a referral to a qualified behaviourist.

When should I worry about my dog following me?

Speak to your vet if:

• the following has started suddenly or is very different from normal
• your dog seems restless, is eating or drinking differently, or shows other changes
• your dog is older and seems confused or unsettled

Dogs Trust notes that a dog who suddenly follows you more may be in pain or have a medical condition, so a health check is the right first step.

What about the "pack leader" idea?

You may read that dogs follow you because they see you as the alpha of their pack. This idea came from early studies of unrelated wolves kept together in captivity. Dogs Trust describes dominance theory as outdated and debunked. Wild wolves live in cooperative family groups, and dogs are not trying to win status over their owners.

This matters because trying to "be the boss" tends to lead to punishment, which can make a dog anxious and damage your relationship. Following is better understood as a learned habit, a need that isn't being met, or a sign of worry.

How to stop your dog following you everywhere

If you're happy with your shadow, there's no need to change anything. If you'd like more independence for your dog, or need them to stay put sometimes, these steps can help.

Give them a comfortable place of their own

Set up a bed or den in a quiet spot. Reward your dog with calm praise or a treat when they choose to rest there.

Teach a "go to bed" cue

A cue such as "go to bed" is useful when it isn't safe for your dog to follow, for example while you're cooking. Teach it with rewards, a step at a time.

Reward independence, not following

Calmly praise your dog when they choose to move away from you or settle somewhere else. Dogs Trust suggests not giving attention when your dog follows you around, so following stops paying off. Never tell your dog off for following. Focus on what you want them to do instead.

Build up short periods apart

Use a baby gate across a doorway so your dog can still see and hear you. Give them a long-lasting chew or a food toy on their side of the gate, step away for a few seconds, then come back calmly. Build up the time and distance slowly. If your dog shows signs of worry, go back a step.

Meet their needs for exercise and enrichment

Daily walks suited to your dog's age and health, time to sniff, play, food puzzles and short training sessions all help. A dog with fulfilling things to do is less likely to rely on you for every bit of entertainment.