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Dog breed guide

Irish Water Spaniel

Versatile, affectionate, aloof, even-tempered, confident, sensitive, clever and energetic.

The Irish Water Spaniel is a rare, curly-coated gundog from Ireland that works as a water retriever. Energetic, affectionate and sensitive, it needs more than two hours of exercise a day and suits active, patient owners in the country or quiet suburbs.

Irish Water Spaniel on Wikidata

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In this guide

Irish Water Spaniel at a glance

Size
Medium
Height
51–58 cm
Weight
20–30 kg
Life expectancy
up to 10 years

Typical for the breed, not a promise about any one dog.

Is the Irish Water Spaniel right for you?

Like every breed, the Irish Water Spaniel is not the right fit for every home. Based on the breed’s typical traits:

May suit you if…

  • This would be your first dog and you are ready to learn.
  • You enjoy long walks and an active, outdoor life.
  • You have, or would like, another dog.
  • You would prefer a dog that tends to shed little.

Consider another breed if…

  • The dog would regularly be left alone for long working days.
  • You cannot offer well over an hour of exercise every day.
  • You live in a flat or a small home.
  • You have young children at home.

How would the Irish Water Spaniel fit your lifestyle?

Choose a few details for a general, non-guaranteed view.

About the Irish Water Spaniel

The Irish Water Spaniel is the tallest of the spaniels: a smart, compact, strong and athletic gundog with a distinctive coat of tight, curly ringlets in a rich dark liver shade with a purplish tint. It is typically a fun, affectionate companion at home and a versatile worker in the field. The Royal Kennel Club lists it as a vulnerable native breed.

Read more about the Irish Water Spaniel

Key characteristics

General breed tendencies, not a prediction for an individual dog.

  • Size

    Medium

    A mid-sized dog.

  • Exercise

    Very high

    Usually needs several hours of activity or work a day.

  • Energy level

    Very lively

    Very lively and usually keen to be busy.

  • Grooming

    Moderate

    The coat usually needs brushing several times a week.

  • Shedding

    Low

    Tends to shed little, though every dog sheds some hair.

  • Trainability

    Moderate

    Generally trainable with patience and consistency.

  • Good with children

    Older children

    Usually better with older, calmer children.

  • Good with other dogs

    Usually sociable

    Usually sociable with other dogs.

  • Good with cats

    Varies

    Varies with the individual dog.

  • Suits first-time owners

    Often

    Often suits first-time owners.

  • Barking / vocality

    Can be vocal

    Often quick to bark at visitors or unusual sounds.

  • Time alone

    Prefers company

    Usually copes only with short periods alone.

Liver-coloured water dogs with curly coats, topknots and "rat tails" were known in Ireland for centuries before the Irish breed club was founded in 1890. The breed was originally called the Irish Water Dog. One of the most influential dogs was Boatswain, born in 1834 and bred by Justin McCarthy of Dublin, whose bloodline is found throughout the world.

Theories on the breed's ancestry include the French Barbet, the extinct English Water Spaniel and the Poodle. Despite its name, it works as a retriever, especially from water, and in the UK it runs in retriever trials.

Irish Water Spaniel temperament

Irish Water Spaniels are usually aloof and standoffish with strangers, but once mature they tend to be even-tempered and confident and make friends fairly easily. They are clever and energetic and know how to have fun.

As puppies they can be sensitive and slow to mature, so take care not to overwhelm them. They do not cope well with busy, frantic or noisy environments. Many are chatty and will bark to alert you to visitors or anything unusual.

Size and appearance

The Irish Water Spaniel is a medium-sized breed. Males typically stand 53–58 cm and females 51–56 cm, and adults weigh around 20–30 kg.

The coat is a mass of tight ringlets that is naturally oily and protects the dog when swimming in cold water. Breed standard colours are liver and liver puce.

How much exercise does a Irish Water Spaniel need?

This breed needs more than two hours of exercise a day, out exploring the countryside and covering distance in all weathers. Most love any pond, stream or river they come across.

A rural or quiet suburban home suits them best, with a decent-sized garden and secure fencing, and access to a wide variety of country walks is vital to keep them happy.

Training a Irish Water Spaniel

Irish Water Spaniels are clever and usually take to training well when it is kind, patient and well rewarded. They can be easily overwhelmed when young, and it may take several years before your dog is a steady, reliable adult.

  • Use reward-based training and go at your dog's pace.
  • Do not overload a young dog with too much work or difficult tasks.
  • Build a strong bond of trust and cooperation first; patience now pays off later.
  • Once mature, many enjoy activities ranging from long country walks to high-level competition.

Irish Water Spaniel grooming

Use a wide-toothed comb once or twice a week, and bath and trim the coat roughly every couple of months. After combing, spray the coat with water to help the curls re-form. These dogs collect water and mud, so dry them well after walks and check the coat, paws and ears for debris and matting. The coat takes some learning, and many professional groomers will not know how to handle it. Irish Water Spaniels shed little.

Living with a Irish Water Spaniel

The Irish Water Spaniel is suited to active families who enjoy long walks, outdoor activity and training. It is usually better with older, quieter children and teenagers who want to join in with dog sports or activities, and may be too sensitive for young families with small children or very busy, noisy households. Whatever the breed, dogs and young children should never be left alone together, and an adult should supervise every interaction.

  • Children

    Usually better with older, calmer children.

  • Other dogs

    Usually sociable with other dogs.

  • Cats and small pets

    Varies with the individual dog.

  • Flats and smaller homes

    Usually needs a roomy home.

  • Garden

    A secure garden is strongly advised.

  • Being left alone

    Usually copes only with short periods alone.

  • First-time owners

    Often suits first-time owners.

Irish Water Spaniel health

Not yet reviewed by a vet. This is general information, not veterinary advice: speak to your vet about your own dog’s health.

Purina describes the Irish Water Spaniel as a generally healthy breed, but some conditions are recognised in it. The Royal Kennel Club gives the breed's lifespan as under 10 years. Knowing about these conditions helps you ask the right questions; it does not mean every dog will be affected.

  • Hip dysplasia

    The Royal Kennel Club recommends that breeders, at a minimum, hip test their dogs under the BVA/KC Hip Dysplasia Scheme before breeding.

  • Elbow dysplasia

    The Royal Kennel Club recommends elbow testing under the BVA/KC Elbow Dysplasia Scheme as a minimum before breeding.

  • Eye conditions

    Eye testing under the BVA/KC/ISDS Eye Scheme was added to the breed's Good Practice health testing in 2025.

What health checks should you ask about?

Responsible breeders and rescues are happy to talk about health, and any pressure to decide quickly is a reason to walk away. Before taking a Irish Water Spaniel home, it is reasonable to ask about:

  • Health testing of the parents. Ask which health tests the parents have had for conditions known in the breed, and to see the results.
  • Veterinary and vaccination records. Puppies should have had a first vaccination and a vet check, with records you can take home.
  • Microchip information. In England, Scotland and Wales puppies must be microchipped and registered by eight weeks old. Ask who the chip is registered to and how the transfer works.
  • Registration paperwork. Registration papers, where they apply, record pedigree. They do not by themselves prove health or how a puppy was raised.
Every Mypetzilla advert shows which details we have checked and which are simply provided by the seller. Always do your own checks too, and meet the animal before you pay anything.

How much does a Irish Water Spaniel cost to own?

There are two costs: bringing a Irish Water Spaniel home, and looking after one well. Puppy prices depend on the breeder, health testing and demand; the adverts below show what sellers are asking today.

Ongoing costs are the ones new owners most often underestimate: food, insurance (which usually rises with age), routine vet care, vaccinations and parasite treatment, dental care, grooming, training, bedding and equipment, and boarding or a sitter for holidays. Budget for the whole of the dog’s life, typically up to 10 years, not just the first year.

Buying a Irish Water Spaniel

If you have decided the Irish Water Spaniel suits your life, take the same care choosing where your dog comes from. Meet the puppy in person, see it with its mother, and look at how the litter is raised.

  • Check who you are dealing with: every Mypetzilla advert shows the seller type and what we have checked.
  • Ask about health testing, vaccinations and the microchip before you commit.
  • Take your time. Do not be rushed by deposits or "last one left" stories.
  • Meet in person before paying anything, and keep conversations on Mypetzilla.

Adopting a Irish Water Spaniel

Irish Water Spaniels do come up for adoption, through rescue organisations, breed rescues and private rehoming, often because an owner’s circumstances have changed rather than any fault of the dog. An adult dog arrives as a known quantity: its size, coat and character are already on show.

Rescues will usually talk you through the dog’s history, any medical care, and the home it needs, including children, other animals and time alone. Be honest about your circumstances: a good rescue would rather place a dog once, well.

Irish Water Spaniels looking for homes

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Similar breeds you may want to consider

  • Brittany Spaniel

    Sociable, affectionate, busy, cheerful, enthusiastic, sensitive, clever and willing.

    View breed guide
  • Field Spaniel

    Sweet, affectionate, mild, active, clever and versatile.

    View breed guide
  • Welsh Springer Spaniel

    Friendly, merry, devoted, lively, joyful and clever.

    View breed guide

Irish Water Spaniel FAQs

Is the Irish Water Spaniel good with children?

Usually better with older, calmer children. Individual dogs vary with breeding, upbringing and health, so ask about the dog you are considering.

Can the Irish Water Spaniel live in a flat?

Usually needs a roomy home. Exercise and company matter more than floor space.

How much exercise does the Irish Water Spaniel need?

Very high: usually needs several hours of activity or work each day. Puppies and older dogs need less structured exercise.

Does the Irish Water Spaniel shed?

Tends to shed little.

How much grooming does the Irish Water Spaniel need?

Typically: several times a week.

Is the Irish Water Spaniel easy to train?

Generally trainable with consistency. Kind, reward-based training works best.

Can the Irish Water Spaniel be left alone?

Usually copes only with short periods alone. Build up time alone gradually.

Does the Irish Water Spaniel bark a lot?

Can be vocal. Individual dogs vary with breeding, upbringing and health, so ask about the dog you are considering.

Is the Irish Water Spaniel good with cats?

Varies with the individual dog. Individual dogs vary with breeding, upbringing and health, so ask about the dog you are considering.

How long does the Irish Water Spaniel live?

Typically up to 10 years. Lifespan varies with genetics, weight, care and luck.

How big does the Irish Water Spaniel get?

Adults typically stand 51–58 cm at the shoulder and weigh 20–30 kg.

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